TYPES OF HARD DRIVES
For you history buffs (or those of you old enough to remember paying $2,000 for a 20MB external hard drive! - “scuzzy” - seems like a logical place to kick off this BeamEcho storage primer!
SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)
SCSI was / is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices. The SCSI standards defined commands, protocols, and electrical and optical interfaces. SCSI was most commonly used for hard disks and tape drives, but it could also connect a wide range of other devices, including scanners and optical drives (CD, DVD, etc.).
ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)
ATA is a standard interface for connecting storage devices such as hard disks and CD-ROM drives inside personal computers (if you've ever popped the cover off of a standard PC the ATA connector is that wide gray ribbon cable connecting the hard drive to the system bus).
Many synonyms and near-synonyms for ATA exist, including abbreviations such as IDE and ATAPI. Also, with the market introduction of Serial ATA in 2003, the original ATA was retroactively renamed Parallel ATA (PATA). Parallel ATA standards allow cable lengths up to only 46 centimetres (18 inches). Because of this length limit, the technology normally appears as an internal computer storage interface.
SATA (Serial ATA)
SATA is a modern standard that’s been primarily designed for fast transfer of data between a computer and a storage device or interface via a high-speed serial cable.
The main benefits of SATA are that thinner serial cables let air cooling work more efficiently, enabling faster transfers, the ability to remove devices while operating (hot swapping), greater device reliability and operation with tighter data integrity checks. In short, SATA technology delivers a significant performance boost over current ATA hard drive technology. Since It was designed as a successor to the legacy Advanced Technology Attachment standard (ATA), it's expected to eventually replace the older technology (which has retroactively been renamed Parallel ATA or PATA).

TYPES OF HARD DRIVE INTERFACES
USB 2.0 - Universal Serial Bus
A major component in the legacy-free PC movement, USB was designed to allow peripherals to be connected using a single standardized interface socket, to improve plug-and-play capabilities by allowing devices to be connected and disconnected without rebooting the computer (hot swapping). Other convenient features include powering low-consumption devices without the need for an external power supply and allowing some devices to be used without requiring individual device drivers to be installed.
USB can connect computer peripherals such as mouse devices, keyboards, PDAs, gamepads and joysticks, scanners, digital cameras, printers and external memory card readers and hard disk storage devices. For many of those devices USB has become the standard connection method. USB was originally designed for personal computers, but it has become commonplace on other devices such as PDAs and video game consoles. In 2004, there were about 1 billion USB devices in the world.
FireWire
FireWire is Apple Inc.'s brand name for the IEEE 1394 interface. It’s a personal computer (and digital audio/digital video) serial bus interface standard, offering high-speed data communication capabilities.
Almost all modern digital camcorders have included this type of connector port since 1995 and many computers intended for home or professional audio/video use (including Apple’s system offerings) have built-in FireWire ports. Initially used with early models of the iPod, Apple later dropped FireWire in favor of USB connectors due to 1) space constraints and to 2) ensure wider compatibility with a broader ranges of Windows PC’s.
FireWire 400 (fast)
FireWire 400 can transfer data between devices at 100, 200, or 400 Mbit/s data rates.
Cable length is limited to 4.5 meters (about 15 ft) and the 6-pin connector is commonly found on Apple and other manufacturers computers. This type of interface can supply a connected device with power. Firewire 400 comes in 6 pin and 4 pin configuration and the 4 pin interface (the smaller of the two) is commonly found on consumer camcorders.
FireWire 800 (faster)
Apple's name for the 9-pin "S800 bilingual" version of the IEEE 1394b standard was introduced commercially by Apple in 2003. This newer 1394 specification (1394b) and corresponding products allow a transfer rate of 786.432 Mbit/s with backwards compatibility to the slower rates and 6-pin connectors of FireWire 400. However, while the IEEE 1394a and IEEE 1394b standards are compatible, FireWire 800's connector is different from FireWire 400's connector, making the physical male and female (both 4 and 6 pin) connectors and cables incompatible -- this is partly why Apple and companies like LaCie include both interfaces on their hardware.
eSATA (External SATA)
Standardized in mid-2004, eSATA defined separate cables, connectors, and revised electrical requirements for external applications:
Maximum cable length for eSATA devices is 2 m (USB and FireWire allow slightly longer distances).
Aimed at the consumer market, eSATA enters an external storage market already served by the USB and FireWire interfaces. Most external hard disk drive cases with FireWire or USB interfaces use either ATA or SATA drives and "bridges" to translate between the drives' interfaces and the enclosures' external ports.
The LaCie “Quad” interface (with USB 2.0, FireWire 400, FireWire 800 and eSATA connector ports) is a favorite at BeamEcho, combining reliability, dependability and high performance (SATA drives) along with all FOUR popular hard dive connection interfaces (see diagram above)!
The bottom line with Firewire is that, with introduction of Firewire 800, this interface standard is now substantially faster than Hi-Speed USB and whether internal or external SATA drives are increasingly more common and found in new computers from manufacturers like Apple due their excellent performance.